Design of two directional flat antennas for WiFi applications in the 2.4 and 5 GHZ bands

Abstract

In this work, a design procedure for a discrete antenna system for WiFi applications was carried out. The designs were made in two frequency bands: one from 2400 to 2500 MHz and the other from 5150 to 5850 MHz. Both systems were designed based on the same technology, with a rectangular geometry made up of 4x4 metal patch radiators with air dielectric. The feeding system was built on a rectangular coaxial transmission line with air dielectric to reduce insertion losses and improve efficiency of the antennas. For the computational modeling of the antennas, the CST Microwave Studio was used. The manufacture of all the parts of the antennas was carried out with the use of a CNC milling machine and the manufactured antennas were measured in an anechoic chamber, where the standing wave ratio, gain and shape of the directional characteristic were compared, proving a good correspondence with the simulation results in the CST Microwave Studio. Finally, the field tests of the two antennas coupled to an access points were carried out, yielding good results.